Cymbopogon, lemongrass, citronella grass, or fever grass are just a small number of the many names given to this attractive perennial grass.
Aside from its zany yet neat(ish) appearance, it has many uses, many of which date back to ancient times (most notably, for adding distinctive flavour to Asian cuisine). More recent research (2006) has found that lemongrass actually destroys certain cancer cells. Probably it's most useful application in landscapes across Thailand is that it's scent is a natural mosquito repellant, and if planted around seating and dining areas will ensure you get added protection from dreaded 'mossies'.